The Depression Support Center

Persistent low mood, loss of interest or pleasure, fatigue, changes in sleep or appetite, difficulty concentrating, feelings of worthlessness or hopelessness, and withdrawing from people — lasting two weeks or more.

Sadness is a normal, temporary response to events. Depression is more persistent (weeks or longer), affects daily functioning, and often comes with loss of interest, hopelessness, and physical symptoms — even without an obvious cause.

Often, yes — especially for mild-to-moderate depression. CBT is as effective as medication for many people, and lifestyle changes (exercise, routine, connection) help. Severe depression may need medication too; a professional can advise.

Yes — CBT is one of the most effective treatments for depression, working through behavioural activation and changing negative thought patterns, with a lower relapse rate because you keep the skills.

Both help. Exercise has a genuine antidepressant effect, and meditation reduces rumination and supports mood. They work best alongside other treatment, not necessarily instead of it.

If low mood lasts more than two weeks, affects your daily life, or you have thoughts of self-harm, please reach out to a professional. If you're in crisis, contact a crisis line (988 in the US, Samaritans 116 123 in the UK & ROI) or emergency services.